Software CUSTIC: Mapa de ruido producido por tres mastillos neumáticos Canarina software
Software CUSTIC de Canarina: programa para evaluar la contaminación acústica y el ruido: ruidos y vibraciones, impacto ambiental de la contaminación sonora, ingeniería ambiental, gestión ambiental del ruido y de la contaminación sónica.
CUSTIC: Contaminación acústica - Aplicaciones - Ventajas - Precio - Ediciones
CONTAMINACIÓN ACÚSTICA: Nivel de ruido - Emisiones sonoraS - Ruido ambiental
Principal - Obtener versión DEMO - Precio
An examination of the numerical values obtained by using two periods versus three periods per day shows that for any reasonable distribution of environmental noise levels, the two-period day and the three-period day are essentially identical; i.e., the 24-hour equivalent sound levels are equal within a few tenths of a decibel. Therefore, the simpler two-period day is used in this document, with daytime extending from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. and nighttime extending from 10 p.m. to 7 a.m. The symbol for the 15-hour daytime equivalent sound level is Ld, the symbol for the 9-hour nighttime equivalent sound level is Ln, and the day-night weighted measure is symbolized as Ldn.
The Ldn is defined as the A-weighted average sound level in decibels (re 20 micropascals) during a 24-hour period with a 10 dB weighting applied to nighttime sound levels. Examples of the outdoor present day (1973) day-night noise level at typical locations are given in Figure 1.
3. Leq for the 24-hour average sound level to which an individual is exposed (Leq (24)): This situation is related to the cumulative noise exposure experienced by an individual irrespective of where, or under what situation, this exposure is received. The long-term health and welfare effects of noise on an individual are related to the cumulative noise exposure he receives over a lifetime.
Relatively little is known concerning the total effect of such lifetime exposures, but dose-effect relations have been studied for two selected situations:
a. The average long-term exposure to noise primarily in residential areas leading to annoyance reactions and complaints.
b. The long-term effects of occupational noise on hearing, with the daily exposure dose based on an eight-hour workday.
An ideal approach to identifying environmental noise levels in terms of their effect on public health and welfare would be to start by identifying the maximum noise not to be exceeded by individuals. However, the noise dose that an individual receives is a function of lifestyle. For example, exposure patterns of office workers, factory workers, housewives, and school children are quite different. Within each group the exposures will vary widely as a function of the working, recreational, and sleeping patterns of the individual. Thus, two individuals working in the same office will probably accumulate different total noise doses if they use different modes of transportation, live in different areas, and have different TV habits. Examples of these variations in noise dose for several typical life styles are provided in Appendix B. However, detailed statistical information on the distribution of actual noise doses and the relationship of these doses to long-term health and welfare effects is still missing. Therefore, a realistic approach to this problem is to identify appropriate noise levels for
